為什么火焰通常是黃色的？
[ 2006-08-30 10:07 ]
人們形容紅色時總是習慣拿火來做比喻：紅如火，艷似霞。然而，我們通常看到的火大都是黃色和桔紅色的，最多只有火芯一點接近紅色。這又是為什么呢？
 The typical, bright, yellowish-orange upper part of
a flame is due to the heating of unburned carbon particles.
The temperature of the fire and the material being burned are the factors
that determine the color of the flame. The various colors of flames in a wood
fire are due to the different substances in the flames.
The strong orange color of most wood flames results when sodium contained in the wood is heated.
The temperature of wood flames is lower than that of candle flames, which
colors the wood flames orange, not yellow. If, however, some of the carbon
particles in the fire are very hot, the color will be yellow. The product of the
burnt carbon, when it has cooled, is black soot.
Since fire needs oxygen to burn, and since the bottom of a candle flame does
not get much oxygen, it is the hottest spot in the flame and is blue in color.
The flame cools and changes color as it moves away from the source of the
flame, because it is exposed to more oxygen. The temperature change causes the
color of the flame to change from blue, at the hottest, lower portion of the
flame, to the typical, bright, yellowish-orange or bright orange color with
which most people are familiar with. Which shade of orange is seen at the upper
portion of the flame, where the flame is the coolest, depends upon the material
being burned.
sodium: 鈉
soot: 煙灰
（英語點津 Annabel 編輯） |
